Journal: Cells

Article Title: Imeglimin Inhibits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic ApoE-Deficient Mice

doi: 10.3390/cells14070472

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of imeglimin on the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 proteins in ox-LDL/HG-treated THP1 macrophages. THP-1 macrophages were pretreated with imeglimin and then exposed to 100 μg/mL ox-LDL and 30 mM glucose. ( A ) Western blot analysis showing the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 proteins; ( B ) Relative protein expression levels of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 (quantified using ImageJ). Results are expressed as the means ± SEMs of at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. HG, high glucose; IME, imeglimin; oxLDL, oxidized lowdensity lipoproteins.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked using 5% bovine serum albumin at room temperature for 1 h, followed by overnight incubation at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting CD36 (PA1-16813, 1:1000, Thermo Fisher Scientific), ABCA1 (NB400-105, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA), ABCG1 (NB400-132, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals), AMPK (2532, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK, 2535, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), and β-actin (ab8227, 1:10,000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Imeglimin Inhibits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic ApoE-Deficient Mice

doi: 10.3390/cells14070472

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of imeglimin on the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 in the presence of the AMPK inhibitor compound C. THP-1-derived macrophages were pretreated with compound C, incubated with 100 μM imeglimin for 24 h, and exposed to 100 μg/mL oxLDL and 30 mM glucose. ( A ) Western blot analysis showing the expression of total AMPK (tAMPK) and phosphorylated AMPK ( p -AMPK) proteins; ( B ) Relative protein expression levels of t-AMPK and pAMPK (quantified using ImageJ); ( C ) Western blot analysis showing the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 proteins; ( D ) Relative protein expression levels of ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 (quantified using ImageJ). Results are expressed as the means ± SEMs of at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. HG, high glucose; IME, imeglimin; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoproteins.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked using 5% bovine serum albumin at room temperature for 1 h, followed by overnight incubation at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting CD36 (PA1-16813, 1:1000, Thermo Fisher Scientific), ABCA1 (NB400-105, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA), ABCG1 (NB400-132, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals), AMPK (2532, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK, 2535, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), and β-actin (ab8227, 1:10,000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK).

Techniques: Expressing, Derivative Assay, Incubation, Western Blot

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Imeglimin Inhibits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic ApoE-Deficient Mice

doi: 10.3390/cells14070472

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of imeglimin on AMPK activity and ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 protein expression in diabetic ApoE -/- mice. ( A ) Western blot analysis showing the expression of pAMPK, tAMPK, ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 in the liver; ( B ) Relative protein expression levels of pAMPK, tAMPK, ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 in the liver (quantified using ImageJ); ( C ) Western blot analysis showing the expression of pAMPK, tAMPK, ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 in the aorta; ( D ) Relative protein expression levels of pAMPK, tAMPK, ABCA1, ABCG1, and CD36 in the aorta (quantified using ImageJ). Results are expressed as the means ± SEMs of at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked using 5% bovine serum albumin at room temperature for 1 h, followed by overnight incubation at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting CD36 (PA1-16813, 1:1000, Thermo Fisher Scientific), ABCA1 (NB400-105, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA), ABCG1 (NB400-132, 1:1000, Novus Biologicals), AMPK (2532, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK, 2535, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), and β-actin (ab8227, 1:10,000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Western Blot